Types of shoulder dislocation

• Glenohumeral dislocation (commonest): anterior shoulder dislocation most common
• Acromioclavicular dislocation (12%): clavicle loses all attachment with the scapula
• Sternoclavicular dislocation (uncommon)

Anterior most likely as shoulder most lax and least supported in the anterior and inferior direction

Anterior shoulder dislocation is associated with FOOSH; while posterior shoulder dislocation is more likely associated with seizures and electric shock

Management

Prompt reduction

• Neurovascular status must be checked pre and post reduction
• X-rays performed again post reduction to ensure no fracture

In recurrent anterior dislocation there is usually a Bankart lesion and this may be repaired surgically.

Recurrent posterior dislocations may be repaired in a similar manner to anterior lesions but using a posterior (or arthroscopic) approach.

Complications

• Axillary nerve damage with shoulder dislocation