A neurodegenerative disorder caused by a reduction of dopamine in the basal ganglia of the brain = disorders of movement

Dopamine is essential for the correct functioning of the basal ganglia. In Parkinson’s disease, there is a gradual but progressive fall in the production of dopamine.

Risk factors:

• Increasing age
• Hx of familial PD in younger-onset disease
• Mutation in gene encoding glucocerebosidase
• 1 methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3.4-tetrahydropyridine exposure
• Chronic exposure to metals
• Male
• head trauma
• Exposure to certain toxins (solvents e.g. carbon disulfide), insecticides
• Occupation (healthcare providers, higher education level)

PC

Sx characteristically have an insidious, often asymmetrical onset

Motor symptoms (TRAP):

• Unilateral (pill rolling) Tremor - pronounced on rest, improves on voluntary movement

  Parkinson’s tremor vs benign essential tremor