Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a complex condition of ovarian dysfunction thought to affect between 5-20% of women of reproductive age.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age.

Aetiology:

The aetiology of PCOS is not fully understood. Both hyperinsulinaemia and high levels of luteinizing hormone are seen in PCOS and there appears to be some overlap with the metabolic syndrome.

Insulin resistance causes hyperinsulinaemia:

• promoting the release of androgens (therefore high testosterone)
• suppresses SHBG production by the liver (which normally bind to androgens and suppress their function) = more androgens
• contribute to development of follicles in ovaries = anovulation and multiple partially developed follicles

Risk factors:

• Family Hx of PCOS
• Premature adrenarche
• Obesity
• LBW

PC

Female of reproductive age

• Irregular menstruiation and amenorrhoea
• Infertility