Breast

Mammogram

aged 50 to 71st birthday in England: Every 3 year.

before the age 50: eligible for screening if there is a very high risk of developing breast cancer.

Cervical

• Aim is to detect preinvasive lesion ie CIN
• Screening interval (25-64 years)

aged 25 to 49 – every three years

aged 50 to 64 – every five years

over 65 – only women who haven't been screened since age 50 or those who have recently had abnormal tests

• Responsible for 50% drop in incidence of invasive cancer
• Referral for colposcopy and loop excision of cervix (LLETZ) for high grade abnormalities ie mod & severe dyskaryosis/CIN 3
• HPV vaccine & HPV testing

Bowel

2 types of screening test

• Bowel scope screening – a test where a thin, flexible tube with a camera at the end (flexible sigmoidoscopy or "flexisig”) is used to look for and remove any polyps inside bowel
• Home testing kit (the FIT or FOB test) – a kit to collect small samples of poo and post them to a laboratory so they can be checked for tiny amounts of blood (which could be caused by cancer

Men and women aged 60-74 are offered routine screening for bowel cancer using the faecal occult blood test (FOBt) every two years. Approximately 2% of patients will have a positive screening results and will be invited to colonoscopy; approximately 10% of those invited will be found to have bowel cancer (it should be noted around 25% of patients decline colonoscopy).

• If these tests find anything unusual: further tests (colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy) to confirm or rule out cancer.

When its offered