Learning outcomes:

• Anatomy of pelvis and mechanism of normal labour
• Maternal and foetal wellbeing and monitoring (use of partogram and MDT)
• Mode of delivery
• Legal status of foetus and mother
• Types of pain relief in labour - Use, limitations, side effects

History

Key features of labour including characteristics of pain and other Sx

• Contractions and frequency

Examination:

• Obstetrics exam
• Pelvis
• Perineum cuts

Investigations

• Vaginal examination – measures cervical integrity and stage of labour
• Cardiotocography – measures foetal wellbeing and contractions
• Transvaginal cervical USS – measures cervical length