Occurs when a fetus is unable to achieve its genetically determined potential size. Use centile charts to monitor fetal growth

IUGR if weight is below 10th centile

Causes

Fetal:

• Chromosomal disorders (trisomy 13 and 18)
• Malformations
• Congenital infections (rubella, HIV)
• Multifetal pregnancy

Maternal:

• Smoking (active or passive)
• Alcohol
• Drugs - Cocaine causes vasoconstriction of vessels
• Chronic morbidities - HTN, diabetes, heart disease, obesity
• Severe anaemia
• Low pregnancy weight

Placental:

• Abnormal placental implantation