Endophthalmitis refers to a severe inflammation of the interior of the eye, commonly resulting from an infection. It primarily occurs post-surgery, although rare endogenous infections can also seed to the eye.

Epidemiology

While the incidence is relatively low, endophthalmitis is a serious complication of ocular surgery and can lead to significant vision loss if not treated promptly.

Aetiology

The most common cause of endophthalmitis is bacterial contamination during or after ocular surgery, particularly cataract surgery.

The most common causative organisms are gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus species.

PC

Patients with endophthalmitis typically present with:

• Redness of the eye
• Eye pain
• Decreased visual acuity
• Photophobia
• Floaters

Differential Diagnosis

Differential diagnosis for endophthalmitis includes:

• Uveitis: Presents with eye redness, pain, blurred vision, and floaters
• Keratitis: Characterized by eye redness, pain, blurred vision, and a sensation of something in the eye
• Retinitis: Symptoms include floaters, blurred vision, and progressive loss of peripheral vision