Bacterial vaginosis (BV) describes an overgrowth of predominately anaerobic organisms such as Gardnerella vaginalis. This leads to a consequent fall in lactic acid producing aerobic lactobacilli resulting in a raised vaginal pH.

Aetiology:

• Exact cause unknown
• Sx thought to appear when vaginal pH rises, creating alkaline environment which favours growth of normal and abnormal bacteria

Risk factors:

• Being sexually active - BV is not a STI but being sexually active or having concurrent STIs increases the risk of developing BV.
• the use of vaginal products, such as douches, deodorant, and vaginal washes, and the use of antiseptics, bubble baths, or shampoos in the bath.
• smoking

PC

*Asymptomatic in 50% of women

• (When Sx present) - characterised by a offensive fishy-smelling, thin grey homogenous discharge

Examination:

• Inspect vulva for lesions, discharge, vulvitis, ulcers
• Perform speculum examination - look for discharge

Investigations

• Test pH of vaginal discharge = BV is >4.5 (normal is 3.5-4.5)